Dozens of nonprofits are turning to investor-owned chains to build new hospitals to manage the surging number of patients experiencing mental health emergencies.

Large nonprofit health systems like Geisinger, Ascension, and Henry Ford are forming joint ventures with investor-owned psychiatric hospital operators such as Acadia and Universal Health Services. While these hospitals often carry the names of the nonprofits, for-profit companies with questionable track records manage day-to-day operations.